The One Ring 2E has a success/fail system that kind of works like that. There are several degrees of success and failure: extraordinary success, great success, ordinary success, failure or success with woe, failure with woe, disaster.

Successes are determined by the die role (d12 and 0-6 d6), and degrees of failure are set (somewhat arbitrarily) by the loremaster.

I’ve only done a few sessions with my group, but it has proven to be a fun and interesting change from D&D.